Aquaponics Digest - Sun 02/01/98
Message 1: response to animal-waste aquaculture
from james.rakocy@uvi.edu (James Rakocy, Ph.D.)
Message 2: Re: response to animal-waste aquaculture
from "Harrop"
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| Message 1 |
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Subject: response to animal-waste aquaculture
From: james.rakocy@uvi.edu (James Rakocy, Ph.D.)
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 1998 22:34:24 -0400 (AST)
>Finally I like to caution all those aquaculture people, who are using
animal manure for fish feeding to stop that terrible practice immediately,
as they only recycle pathogens and increase the prospects of very unhealthy
epidemics, particularly in the light of the ever increasing antibiotic
resistancy.
RESPONSE************************************************************
Sir, this practice has existed for more than 2,000 years in Asia and is
widely practiced in tropical developing countries. The best combinations
involve pig, chicken or duck manure with tilapia and/or several carp
species. The animal facilities are often located adjacent to ponds.
Thousands of research papers have been written in promotion of this practice
at some of the best agricultural universities in the world. Fish are
generally healthy in well managed manure-loaded systems and do not become
infected by Salmonella and other intestinal bacteria and viruses of
warm-blooded animals. There is the possibility that these pathogens may be
carried passively in fish intestines, but the high pH and dissloved oxygen
levels in waste-fed ponds rapidly attenuate bacteria and viruses introduced
with the manure. Cleaning and cooking the fish well would eliminate any
remaining microorganisms. It is often more hygienic to dispose of animal
waste in water than on land where flies can spread diseases very effectively
in crowded underdeveloped communities. Manure aquaculture would never be
accepted in developed countries. Paradoxically, organic foods are regarded
highly in developed countries. Aren't these often manure-based systems? And
what about aquaponics? By condemning the integration of aquaculture with
animal waste, you are condemning millions of people in the developing world
to malnutrition and starvation.
********************************************************************
>That is all folks and I hope to learn from you, since learning never stops !
>Looking forward to our exchange of knowledge
Horst W.Doelle,D.Sc.
Director, MIRCEN-Biotechnology Brisbane
Chairman, IOBB
Hon.Member of Depts. Microbiology & Chemical Engineering
FAX: +617-38783230
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| Message 2 |
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Subject: Re: response to animal-waste aquaculture
From: "Harrop"
Date: Sun, 1 Feb 1998 22:47:11 -0500
Perhaps these practices are the reason why some of the world's worst
epidemics originate in the far east. Manure use is too intensive nowadays
and the quality of the manure is now contaminated with hormones, heavy
metals and pathogens.
Yes, these practices are necessary where population densities require the
use of intensive methods; however, it does not mean the food is healthy in
the whole sense of the word. By the way, by dumping animal waste into water
gives rise to some fantastic algal blooms otherwise known as red tide.
My defintion of aquaponics is the integration of hydroponics and
aquaculture.
Rob
Just a Guy in Canada
----------
> From: James Rakocy, Ph.D.
> To: aquaponics@townsqr.com
> Subject: response to animal-waste aquaculture
> Date: Sunday, February 01, 1998 9:34 PM
>
>
> >Finally I like to caution all those aquaculture people, who are using
> animal manure for fish feeding to stop that terrible practice
immediately,
> as they only recycle pathogens and increase the prospects of very
unhealthy
> epidemics, particularly in the light of the ever increasing antibiotic
> resistancy.
>
> RESPONSE************************************************************
> Sir, this practice has existed for more than 2,000 years in Asia and is
> widely practiced in tropical developing countries. The best combinations
> involve pig, chicken or duck manure with tilapia and/or several carp
> species. The animal facilities are often located adjacent to ponds.
> Thousands of research papers have been written in promotion of this
practice
> at some of the best agricultural universities in the world. Fish are
> generally healthy in well managed manure-loaded systems and do not become
> infected by Salmonella and other intestinal bacteria and viruses of
> warm-blooded animals. There is the possibility that these pathogens may
be
> carried passively in fish intestines, but the high pH and dissloved
oxygen
> levels in waste-fed ponds rapidly attenuate bacteria and viruses
introduced
> with the manure. Cleaning and cooking the fish well would eliminate any
> remaining microorganisms. It is often more hygienic to dispose of animal
> waste in water than on land where flies can spread diseases very
effectively
> in crowded underdeveloped communities. Manure aquaculture would never be
> accepted in developed countries. Paradoxically, organic foods are
regarded
> highly in developed countries. Aren't these often manure-based systems?
And
> what about aquaponics? By condemning the integration of aquaculture with
> animal waste, you are condemning millions of people in the developing
world
> to malnutrition and starvation.
> ********************************************************************
>
> >That is all folks and I hope to learn from you, since learning never
stops !
> >Looking forward to our exchange of knowledge
> Horst W.Doelle,D.Sc.
> Director, MIRCEN-Biotechnology Brisbane
> Chairman, IOBB
> Hon.Member of Depts. Microbiology & Chemical Engineering
> FAX: +617-38783230
>
>
>
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